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When someone suffers a catastrophic, life-long injury and receives a large
compensation payment, a portion is deducted to offset any interest the money
will accumulate over his or her lifetime. This is to ensure injured people only
receive what they need, and the amount to which they are entitled.
But for many years, the rate at which this discount was set was far too high and
did not reflect the economic climate. Too much was deducted from people’s
damages.
Injured people whose cases settled when the rate was too high face an
uncertain future, as the money could run out before the injured person’s needs
are met. To have a hope of making up the shortfall, injured people are often
forced to put their compensation into risky investments.
A catastrophically injured person is averse to risk because he cannot afford to
lose any money, and cannot simply work to earn the money back. Some people
are too frightened of losing money to invest and are cautious about spending
money on the things they need out of fear of becoming destitute. This can have
an impact on entire families as they struggle with a severely injured person in a
house which is not properly adapted, or children take on the role of carers. It
is therefore imperative that the rate is kept up-to-date and reflective of current
financial markets.
An eight-year old girl was brain damaged in a bus crash. The injuries have
changed her life. It is expected that her compensation will run out when she is
40 years old. She is expected to invest a lump sum now and live off the interest
after the age of 40. When the case settled when the girl was 17, interest rates
were below one per cent and the discount rate at the time assumed a 2.5 per
cent return on her lump sum investment. The girl’s parents are desperately
worried about how their daughter is going to survive past the age of 40,
especially after they have passed away.
Discount rate
The Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme (CICS) helps injured
victims of crime to pick up their lives. A limit on the amount of
compensation available to a single claimant was capped at £500,000 in
1996 and has remained the same ever since.
£500,000 may seem like a lot of money to most people, but it does not
stretch very far for someone with the most serious of injuries.
Reggie* was just two months old when he suffered a fractured skull
and subdural haemorrhage, with catastrophic consequences. The
Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority agreed that Reggie was the
victim of a violent crime. His vision is severely impaired; he needs a
wheelchair and hoists; he only communicates by moving his head
and arms; he is fed with a tube. He requires a great deal of special
equipment just to get through day-to-day tasks such as showering. The
family is only just getting by with partial adaptations to their home, as
they must be mindful that the money must last for the rest of Reggie’s
life.
Had Reggie received the same injuries in a car crash, for example, he
could bring a claim in the civil justice system and his compensation
would be calculated to ensure his needs would be met. In that
instance, Reggie’s case would settle for a lump sum of between
£750,000 and £1million with lifetime annual payments of roughly
£100,000.
Criminal injuries cap